Therocephalia: Bauria, Lycosuchus, Moschorhinus.| Therapsida | ||
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Abbreviated Dendrogram
Synapsida
│
└─Therapsida
├─Biarmosuchia
└─┬─Dinocephalia
│ ├─Anteosauria
│ └─Tapinocephalia
└─┬─Anomodontia
│ ├─Venyukovioidea
│ └─Dicynodontia
└─Theriodontia
├─Gorgonopsia
└─Eutheriodontia
├─Therocephalia
└─Cynodontia |
Contents
Index |
page under construction...
I have decided to divide the Theriodontia page into several subpages to give better coverage to the various theriodont groups. The present page will be the main Therocephalia page. In the meantime, until all the appropriate links are revised, see the following:
Theriodontia page located here
Gorgonopsia located here
Sorry for any inconvenience!
MAK09111
Eutheriodontia: Therocephalia + Cynodontia [RS01]
Range: from the Middle Permian.
Phylogeny: Theriodontia: Gorgonopsia + *: Therocephalia + Cynodontia.
Characters: temporal roof reduced to sagittal crest [RS01]; posterior ramus of postorbital fails to meet squamosal [RS01]; epipterygoid anteroposteriorly expanded (= alisphenoid) [RS01]; respiratory turbinal bones may have been present (suggesting a degree of endothermy) [RS01]; palatine (palatal?) teeth absent [RS01].
Rubidge & Sidor (2001) [RS01].
ATW020219.
Therocephalia: Bauria, Lycosuchus, Moschorhinus.
Phylogeny: Eutheriodontia: Cynodontia + *.
Range: mP-mT of China, Antarctica, SAfr. & Rus.
Massive skull; postorbital bar may be incomplete (i.e. orbit and temporal fenestra are confluent); $ stapes rod-like & stapedial foramen (for quadrate) absent [RS01]; epipterygoid expanded laterally to braincase (also in cynodonts); jaw muscles expanded over braincase; some with complete secondary palate (evolved independently of cynodonts), but vomer participates in palate; $ suborbital vacuities at intersection of pterygoid, ectopterygoid & palatines [RS01]; large canines; simple conical post-canine teeth, frequently lost; thin, small lumbar ribs; $ ilium with finger-like projection from anterior margin [RS01]; long limbs; diverse small to large predators or insectivores; some herbivores.
Links: Theriodontia; Schnellbestimmung anhand von typischen Schädelmerkmalen; Vertebrates; BPI Palaeontology ... Fossil Picture Gallery (small picture in lower left corner); Annatherapsidus.
Rubidge & Sidor (2001) [RS01]
Image: Annatherapsidus petri from (as usual) mathematical.com.
ATW000918.
checked ATW030505; last modified MAK091114