Braincase References

Adriaens, D & W Verraes (1998), Osteology of the osteocranium in the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell (1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae): ossification sequence as a response to functional demands. J. Morph. 235: 183-237. The Dermosphenotic

Berman, DS (2000), Origin and early evolution of the amniote occiput. J. Paleontol. 74: 938-956. The Occiput, The Opisthotic

Berman, DS, RR Reisz, D Scott, AC Henrici, SS Sumida & T Martens (2000), Early Permian bipedal reptile. Science 290: 969-972. The Opisthotic.

Carroll, RL (1981), Plesiosaur ancestors from the Upper Permian of Madagascar. Phil Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 293: 315-383. The Opisthotic

Carroll, RL (1988), Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, WH Freeman & Co., 698 pp. The Occiput

Coates, MI & SEK Sequeira (1998), The braincase of a primitive shark. Trans. R. S. Edinburgh (Earth Sci.)89: 63-85. The Occiput, The Prootic, The Sphenethmoid.

Couly, GF, PM Coltey & NM Le Douarin (1993), The triple origin of skull in higher vertebrates: a study in quail-chick chimeras. Development 117: 409-429. The Basisphenoid.

Cundall, D & DA Rossman (1993), Cephalic anatomy of the rare Indonesian snake Anomochilus weberi. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 109: 235-273. The Occiput.

Currie, PJ (1997), Braincase anatomy in Currie, PJ and K Padian (eds.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs Academic Press, pp. 81-85. The Sphenethmoid.

Currie, PJ & X-J Zhao (1993), A new carnosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Can J. Earth Sci. 30: 2037-2081. The Occiput; The Opisthotic.

Dodson, P (1996). The Horned Dinosaurs, Princeton, 346 pp. The Occiput.

Gilbert, SF (2000), Developmental Biology, 6th ed. Sinauer Associates: 749 pp. The Basisphenoid.

Gleiberman, AS, NG Fedtsova & MG Rosenfeld (1999), Tissue interactions in the induction of anterior pituitary: role of the ventral diencephalon, mesenchyme, and notochord. Devel. Biol. 213: 340-353. The Basisphenoid

Grogan, ED, R Lund & D Didier (1999), Description of the chimaerid jaw and its phylogenetic origins. J. Morphol. 239: 45-59. Pleurosphenoid

Kioussi, C, S O'Connell, L Saint-Onge, M Trier, AS Gleiberman, P Gruss & MG Rosenfeld (1999), Pax6 is essential for establishing ventral-dorsal cell boundaries in pituitary gland development. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (USA) 96: 14378-14382. The Basisphenoid

Kondoh, H, M Uchikawa, H Yoda, H Takeda, M Furutani-Seiki & RO Karlstrom (2000), Zebrafish mutations in Gli-mediated hedgehog signaling lead to lens transdifferentiation from the adenohypophysis anlage. Mech. Devel. 96: 165-174. The Basisphenoid.

Le Douarin, NM, C Ziller & GF Couly 1993), Patterning of neural crest derivatives in the avian embryo: in vivo and in vitro studies. Devel. Biol. 159: 24-49. The Basisphenoid.

Long, JA (1995), The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 223 pp. The Sphenethmoid.

Lund, R (2000), The new actinopterygian order Guildayichthyiformes from the Lower Carboniferous of Montana (USA). Geodiversitas 22: 171-206. The Dermosphenotic.

Parks, P (1969), Cranial Anatomy and Mastication of the Triassic Reptile Trilophosaurus. M.A. thesis, U. Texas. 88 pp. Overview

Rieppel, O & H Zaher (2000), The braincases of mosasaurs and Varanus, and the relationships of snakes. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 129: 489-514. The Opisthotic, The Prootic.

Ruben, J, A Leitch, W Hillenius, N Geist & Terry Jones (1997), New insights into the metabolic physiology of Dinosaurs, in JO Farlow & MK Brett-Surman [eds.], The Complete Dinosaur. Univ. Indiana Press, pp. 505-518. Ethmoid

Takuma, N, HZ Sheng, Y Furuta, JM Ward, K Sharma, BLM Hogan, SL Pfaff, H Westphal, S Kimura & KA Mahon (1998), Formation of Rathke's Pouch requires dual induction from the diencephalon. Development 125: 4835-4840. The Basisphenoid.

Warren, AA (1998), Laidleria uncovered: a redescription of Laidleria gracilis Kitching 1957), a temnospondyl from the Cynognathus Zone of South Africa. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 122: 167-185. The Opisthotic; The Sphenethmoid.

Withington, S, R Beddington & J Cooke 2001), Foregut endoderm is required at head process stages for anteriormost neural patterning in chick. Development 128: 309-320. The Basisphenoid.

Wittmer, LM (1995), Homology of facial structures in extant archosaurs (birds and crocodilians), with special reference to paranasal pneumaticity and nasal conchae. J. Morphol. 225: 269-327. Ethmoid.

Yates, AM (1999), The Lapillopsidae: a new family of small temnospondyls from the Early Triassic of Australia. J. Vert. Paleontol. 19: 302-320. Lalpillospsidae; The Opisthotic.

Yu, X (1998), A new porolepiform fish, Psarolepis romeri, gen. et sp. nov. (Sarcopterygii, Osteichthyes) from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China. J. Vert. Paleontol. 18: 261-274. The Sphenethmoid.

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