Bones: The Gill Arches
The Vertebrates References

Gill Arch References

Bones

Bones
Braincase
Dermal Bones
Ear
Gill Arches
Teeth

Gill Arches

Overview
Epibranchials
Hypohyal
Meckel's Cartilage
References


Barlow, AJ & PH Francis-West (1997), Ectopic application of recombinant BMP-2 and BMP-4 can change patterning of developing chick facial primordia. Development 124: 391-398. Meckel's Cartilage.

Barlow, GW (2000), The Cichlid Fishes: Nature's Grand Experiment in Evolution. Perseus Publishing: 335 pp. Epibranchials.

Carroll, RL (1988), Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, WH Freeman & Co., 698 pp. Hypohyal.

Chen, J-Y, D-Y Huang & C-W Li (1999), An early Cambrian craniate-like chordate, Nature 402: 518-522. Gill Arches, Meckel's Cartilage.

Clack, JA (2002), Gaining Ground: the Origin and Evolution of Tetrapods Indiana Univ. Press, 369 pp. Epibranchials.

Compagno, LJV (1999a), Endoskeleton, in WC Hamlett [ed.], Sharks, Skates, and Rays: the Biology of Elasmobranch Fishes. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, pp. 69-92. Epibranchials.

Gendron-Maguire, M, M Mallo, M Zhang & T Gridley (1993), Hoxa-2 mutant mice exhibit homeotic transformation of skeletal elements derived from cranial neural crest. Cell 75: 1317-1331 (abstract only). Meckel's Cartilage

Grande, L & WE Bemis (1998), A comprehensive phylogenetic study of amiid fishes (Amiidae) based on comparative skeletal anatomy. An empirical search for interconnected patterns of natural history. Soc. Vert. Paleontol. Mem. #4.  J. Vert Paleontol. 18 (supp.): 1-681. Epibranchials, Hypohyal.

Janvier, P (1996), Early Vertebrates, Oxford, 393 pp. Epibranchials, Hypohyal, Meckel's Cartilage

Johnson, GD & C Patterson (1997), Relationships of lower euteleostean fishes in MLJ Stiassny, LR Parenti & GD Johnson [eds.], Interrelationships of Fishes. Academic Press, pp. 251-332. Epibranchials.

Long, JA (1995), The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 223 pp. Hypohyal.

Lu, M-F, H-T Cheng, MJ Kern, SS Potter, B Tran, TGH Diekwisch & JF Martin (1999), prx-1 functions cooperatively with another paired-related homeobox gene, prx-2, to maintain cell fates within the craniofacial mesenchyme. Development 126: 495-504 (abstract only). Meckel's Cartilage.

Mallatt, J (1996), Ventilation and the origin of jawed vertebrates: a new mouth. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 117: 329-404. Meckel's Cartilage.

Marss, T & A Ritchie (1998), Articulated thelodonts (Agnatha) of Scotland, Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh, Earth Sci. 88: 143-195. Epibranchials

Piotrowski, T, TF Schilling, M Brand, Y-J Jiang, C-P Heisenberg, D Beuchle, H Grandel, FJM van Eeden, M Furutani-Seiki, M Granato, P Haffter, M Hammerschmidt, DA Kane, RN Kelsh, MC Mullins, J Odenthal, RM Warga & C Nüsslein-Volhard (1996), Jaw and branchial arch mutants in zebrafish II: anterior arches and cartilage differentiation. Development 123: 345-356 (abstract only). Meckel's Cartilage.

Rijli FM, M Mark, S Lakkaraju, A Dierich, P Dolle & P Chambon (1993), A homeotic transformation is generated in the rostral branchial region of the head by disruption of Hoxa-2, which acts as a selector gene. Cell 31: 1333-49 (abstract only) Meckel's Cartilage.

Rodrídguez-Vázquez, JF, JR Mérida-Velasco, LA Arráez-Aybar & J Jiménez-Collado (1997), A duplicated Meckel's cartilage in a human fetus. Anat. Embryol. 195: 497-502 (abstract only). Meckel's Cartilage.

Romer, AS (1956), Osteology of the Reptiles. Krieger Publ. Co. (1997 ed.): 772 pp. Hypohyal.

Shum, L, Y Sakakura, P Bringas, Jr., W Luo, ML Snead, M Mayo, C Crohin, S Millar, Z Werb, S Buckley, FL Hall, D Warburton & HC Slavkin (1993) EGF abrogation-induced fusilli-form dysmorphogenesis of Meckel's cartilage during embryonic mouse mandibular morphogenesis in vitro. Development 118: 903-917. Meckel's Cartilage.

tenBerge, D, A Brouwer, J Korving, JF Martin & F Meijlink (1998) Prx1 and Prx2 in skeletogenesis: roles in the craniofacial region, inner ear and limbs. Development 125: 3831-3842. Meckel's Cartilage.

Van der Brugghen, W & P Janvier (1993), Denticles in thelodonts. Nature 364: 107. Epibranchials

Wilson, MVH & MW Caldwell (1993), New Silurian and Devonian fork-tailed 'thelodonts' are jawless vertebrates with stomachs and deep bodies, Nature 361: 442-444. Epibranchials.

Wilson, MVH & MW Caldwell (1998), The Furcacaudiformes: a new order of jawless vertebrates with thelodont scales, based on articulated Silurian and Devonian fossils from Northern Canada. J. Vert. Paleontol. 18: 10-29. Epibranchials.

Wilson, MVH & P Veilleux (1982), Comparative osteology and relationships of the Umbridae (Pisces: Salmoniformes). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 321-352. Epibranchials.

Zangerl, R (1981), Chondrichthyes I: Paleozoic Elasmobranchii. in H-P Schultze & O Kuhn (eds.), Handbook of Paleoichthyology, vol. 3B, GV Verlag, 114 pp. Epibranchials.


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