Bolosauridae

Belebey (known from several species, although some of these may be synonymous) and Davletkulia gigantea (known from a single large tooth) were small terrestrial lizard-like animals that seem to have been reasonably common in the Kazanian. It is not known wherther they were faculatively bipedal like Eudibamus. Belebey vegrandis is the best known bolosaur from Eastern Europe. As the name indicates, it is named after the Belebey Svita (formation) where its fossil remains have been found. Similar material has been found in China, indicating the wide distribution of the group.

A long-ranging herbivore with bulbous teeth and synapsid-like temporal openings. The Kungurian (Mitchelcreekian LVF) B. grandis is larger and more derived than the Sakmarian/Artinskian to earliest Kungurian (Coyotean-Seymouran LVF) B. striatus and may represent an ancestor-descendent lineage (Lucas 2006 p.78)

Along with Bolosaurus, this is the oldest known representative of the Anapsida. Both animals appear at about the same time.

Eudibamus cursoris from the Eary Permian of Germany, is the earliest known biped. Berman et al. reconstruct Eudibamus as a cursorial form shown on the image to the right as the illustration (b). The drawing labelled as (a) shows a possible alternate reconstruction as saltorial. Berman et al. reject an arborial clinging & jumping habit because the penultimate phalanges are not elongated as in other organisms with this locomotor style. However, no other cursor or jumper has the primitive tarsal structure of Eudibamus. Accordingly, it may not be entirely safe to rely on such comparisons. Eudibamus has the short neck of a jumping form, although the pelvis is so slight as to make either running or jumping questionable.