Palaeos		Cetartiodactyla
Vertebrates		References

Cetartiodactyl References

LAURASIATHERIA 
|
CETARTIODACTYLA
|--Cetacea
|  |--Pakicetidae
|  `--Autoceta  
`--Artiodactyla 
   |--Suina  
   |  |--Hippopotamidae
   |  `--Suoidea  
   `--Selenodontia  
      |--Camelidae
      `--Ruminantia  
         |--Giraffoidea  
         `--+--Bovoidea  
            `--Cervoidea

References

Bajpai, S & JGM Thewissen (1998), Middle Eocene cetaceans from the Harudi and Subathu Formations of India, in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 213-233. Protocetidae, Remingtonocetidae.

Buchholtz, EA (1998), Implications of vertebral morphology for locomotor evolution in early Cetacea in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 325-351.  Ambulocetidae, Autoceta, Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Georgiacetus, Remingtonocetidae. 

Carroll, RL (1988), Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, WH Freeman & Co., 698 pp. Anthracotheroidea, Artiodactyla, Basilosaurus, Cetacea, Dichobunidae, Entelodontoidea, Hippopotamidae, Pakicetidae, Suina, Tayassuidae.

Cooke, HBS & AF Wilkinson (1978), Suidae and Tayassuidae, in VJ Maglio & HBS Cooke [eds.], Evolution of African Mammals. Harvard Univ Press, pp. 435-482.  Hylochoerus, Hyotheriinae, Phacochoerini, Phacochoerus, Potamochoerini, Potamochoerus, Sanitheriidae, Suinae, Suini, Sus, Tayassuidae, Tetraconodontinae.

Coryndon, SC (1978), Hippopotamidae in VJ Maglio & HBS Cooke [eds.], Evolution of African Mammals. Harvard Univ Press, pp. 483-496.  Hippopotamidae.

Dubrovo, IA & AE Sanders (2000), A new species of Patriocetus (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Oligocene of Kazakhstan. J. Vert. Paleontol. 20: 577-590.  Squalodontidae.  

Fish, FE (1998), Biomechanical perspective on the origin of cetacean flukes in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 303-323.  Basilosauridae. 

Fordyce, RE & LG Barnes (1994), The evolutionary history of whales and dolphins. An. Rev. Earth & Planet. Sci. 22: 419-455.  Autoceta, Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Mysticeti, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea, Remingtonocetidae, Rhabdosteidae.

Geisler, JH (2001), New morphological evidence for the phylogeny of Artiodactyla, Cetacea, and Mesonychidae.  Amer. Mus. Nov. No. 3344, 53 pp. Anoplotheroidea.

Geraads, D (1993), Kolpochoerus phacochoeroides (Thomas, 1884) (Suidae, Mammalia) du Pliocène supérieur de Ahl al Oughlam (Casablanca, Maroc). Géobios 26: 731-743.  Potamochoerini.

Gingerich, PD (1998), Paleobiological perspectives on Mesonychia, Archaeoceti, and the origin of whales in JGM Thewissen [ed.] The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 423-449.   Ambulocetidae, Autoceta, Cetacea, Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Dorudon, Mysticeti, Protocetidae, Remingtonocetidae. 

Gingerich, PD & MD Uhen (1998), Likelihood estimation of the time of origin of Cetacea and the time of divergence of Cetacea and Artiodactyla. Palaeontologia Electronica. WWW. Autoceta, Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Pakicetidae, Protocetidae.

Gingerich, PD, SM Raza, M Arif, M Anwar & X-Y Zhou (1994), New whale from the Eocene of Pakistan and the origin of cetacean swimming. Nature 368: 844-847.  Protocetidae.

Gingerich, PD, M ulHaq, IS Zalmout, IH Khan, & MS Malkani (2001), Origin of whales from early artiodactyls: hands and feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan. Science 293: 2239-2242. Protocetidae.

Hulbert RC Jr, RM Petkewich, GA Bishop, D Bukry & DP Aleshire (1998), A new Middle Eocene protocetid whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and associated biota from Georgia. J. Paleont. 72: 907-927.  Georgiacetus, Protocetidae.  

Janis, CM, JM Theodor & B Boisvert (2002), Locomotor evolution in camels revisited: a quantitative analysis of pedal anatomy and the evolution of the pacing gait.  J. Vert. Paleontol. 22: 110-121.  Poebrotherium, Stenomylinae.  

Köhler, R & RE Fordyce, (1997), An archaeocete whate (Cetacea: Archaeoceti) from the Eocene Waihao Greensand, New Zealand. J. Vert. Paleontol. 17: 574-583. Basilosauridae, Dorudon. 

Luo, Z-X (1998), Homology and transformation of cetacean ectotympanic structures in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 269-301.  Autoceta, Basilosauridae, Cetacea, Mysticeti, Odontoceti, Pakicetidae, Physeteroidea, Protocetidae, Rhabdosteidae. 

Luo, Z-X (2000), In search of the whales' sisters. Nature 404: 235-239.

Luo, Z-X & ER Eastman (1995), Petrosal and inner-ear of a squalodontoid whale - implications for evolution of hearing in Odontocetes. J. Vert. Paleontol. 15: 431-442. Autoceta, Odontoceti,  Squalodontidae

Madar, SI (1998), Structural adaptations of early archaeocete long bones in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 353-378.  Basilosaurus, Dorudon, Protocetidae. 

MacFadden, BJ & GS Morgan (2003), New oreodont (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) from the Late Oligocene (Early Arikareean) of Florida.  Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 279: 368-396.  WWW.  Entelodontoidea, Oreodontoidea

Mendoza, M, CM Janis & P Palmqvist (2002), Characterizing complex craniodental patterns related to feeding behaviour in ungulates: a multivariate approach.  J. Zool. 258: 223-246.  Stenomylinae.  

Nowak, RM (ed.) (1991), Walker's Mammals of the World (5th ed.), Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1629 pp. (2 vols). Autoceta, Cetacea, Mysticeti, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea.

Petronio, C (1995), Note on the taxonomy of Pleistocene hippopotamuses.  Ibex 3:53-55.  WWW.  Hippopotamidae.

Prothero, DR & RM Schoch (2002), Horns, Tusks, and Flippers: the Evolution of Hoofed Mammals.  Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 311 pp.  Anthracotheroidea, Dichobunidae, Entelodontoidea, Hippopotamidae, Oreodontoidea, Poebrotherium, Suina.

Sudre, J & G Lecomte (2000), Relations et position systématique du genre Cuisitherium Sudre et al., 1983, le plus dérivé des artiodactyles de l’Éocène inférieur d’Europe.  Geodiversitas 22: 415-432.  WWW.  Dichobunidae

Thewissen, JGM (1998), Cetacean origins: evolutionary turmoil during the invasion of the oceans in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 451-464.  Ambulocetidae, Cetacea, Pakicetidae, Protocetidae, Remingtonocetidae.

Thewissen, JGM & ST Hussain (1993), Origin of underwater hearing in whales. Nature 361: 444-445. Cetartiodactyla, Cetatea, Protocetidae. 

Thewissen, JGM, EM Williams, LJ Roe & ST Hussain (2001), Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls. Nature 413: 277-281. Ambulocetidae, Artiodactyla, Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Cetartiodactyla, Cetatea, Pakicetidae, Protocetidae, Raoellidae, Remingtonocetidae.

Uhen, MD (1998), Middle to Late Eocene basilosaurines and dorudontines in JGM Thewissen [ed.], The Emergence of Whales, Plenum Press pp 29-61.  Ambulocetidae, Autoceta, Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Mysticeti, Protocetidae, Remingtonocetidae.

Uhen, MD (1998a), New protocetid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the late Middle Eocene Cook Mountain Formation of Louisiana J. Vert. Paleontol. 18: 664-668.  Protocetidae. 

Uhen, MD (1999), New species of protocetid archaeocete whale, Eocetus wardii (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the Middle Eocene of North Carolina. J. Paleont. 73: 512-528.  Protocetidae.

Vaughan, TA, JM Ryan & NJ Czapelewski (2000), Mammalogy (4th ed.), Saunders, 564+ pp. Autoceta, Cetacea, Dorudon, Mysticeti, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea.

Wall, WP & JA Hauptman (2001), A craniodental interpretation of the dietary habits of Poebrotherium wilsoni (Camelidae) from the Oligocene of Badlands National Park, South Dakota. Proc. 6th Fos. Resource Conf.  (NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-01/01) pp. 76-82.  Poebrotherium.  

Whistler, DP & SD Webb (2005), New Goatlike camelid from the Late Pliocene of Tecopa Lake Basin, California.  Contrib. Sci. No. 503, 40 pp.  Poebrotherium, Stenomylinae.  

White, SA (2004), Swine, souls, and salt: the western pig in historical perspective (unpub.).  Artiodactyla.

Zalmout, IS, HA Mustafa & PD Gingerich (2000), Priabonian Basilosaurus isis (Cetacea) from the Wadi Esh-Shallala Formation: first marine mammal from the Eocene of Jordan. J. Vert. Paleontol. 20: 201-204.  Basilosaurus.

Zimmer, C (1998), At the Water's Edge. Simon & Shuster, 290 pp. Basilosauridae, Basilosaurus, Cetacea