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Boesgaard, A.M., Steigman, G. 1985. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: Theories and Observations, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Vol. 23: 319-378 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.aa.23.090185.001535
Photon epoch
Harrison, E., 1981, Cosmology: The Science of the Universe, Cambridge U.P., New York.
Khoury, Justin; Burt A. Ovrut, Paul J. Steinhardt, Neil Turok (28 Nov 2001). "Ekpyrotic universe: Colliding branes and the origin of the hot big bang". Physical Review D 64 (12): 123522. arXiv:hep-th/0103239. Bibcode 2001PhRvD..64l3522K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.64.123522.
The ekpyrotic universe
Kolb, E.W. & Turner, M.S. 1990, The Early Universe. Addison-Wesley
Steinhardt, Paul J.; Neil Turok (24 May 2002). "Cosmic evolution in a cyclic universe". Physical Review D 65 (12): 126003. arXiv:hep-th/0111098. Bibcode 2002PhRvD..65l6003S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.65.126003.
The ekpyrotic universe
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