Palaeos		Eutheria
Vertebrates		References

Eutheria: References

MAMMALIA
|--METATHERIA
`--EUTHERIA
   `--+--Eomaia
      `--+--Adapisoriculidae
         `--+--Zhelestidae
             `--+--Asioryctitheria
                `--+--Zalambdalestidae
                   `--+--Leptictida
                      `--Placentalia
                         |--+--LAURASIATHERIA
                         |  `--EUARCHONTOGLIRES
                         |--AFROTHERIA 
                         `--XENARTHRA

Agustí, Jordi; Antón, Mauricio (2002). Mammoths, Sabertooths, and Hominids: 65 Million Years of Mammalian Evolution in Europe. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11640-3.
Palaeoryctidae

Archibald, JD, AO Averianov & EG Ekdale, (2001), Late Cretaceous relatives of rabbits, rodents, and other extant eutherian mammals.  Nature 414: 62-65. 
Zalambdalestidae.

J. David Archibald, & Alexander O. Averianov, 2007. Zhelestids: stem eutherians or basal laurasiatherians, but no evidence for placental orders in the Cretaceous, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology vol. 27 (supplement to no. 3): 41A. abstract
Zhelestidae

Archibald, J. D., and D. H. Deutschman. 2001. Quantitative analysis of the timing of the origin and diversification of extant placental orders. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 8:107–124.
The origin of Placental Mammals

J. David Archibald, Yue Zhang, Tony Harper and Richard L. Cifelli (2011) Protungulatum, Confirmed Cretaceous Occurrence of an Otherwise Paleocene Eutherian (Placental?) Mammal. Journal of Mammalian Evolution (advance online publication) DOI: 10.1007/s10914-011-9162-1
Protungulatum

Asher, RJ, MC McKenna, RJ Emry, AR Tabrum & DG Kron (2002), Morphology and relationships of Apternodus and other extinct, zalambdodont placental mammals, Bul. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. #273: 117 pp. 
Palaeoryctidae.

Averianov, AO (2000), Mammals from the Mesozoic of Kirgizstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Tadzhikistan in MJ Benton, MA Shishkin, DM Unwin & EN Kurochkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, Cambridge Univ. Press, pp. 627-652.
Zalambdalestidae, Zhelestidae.

Benton, M.J. 2005. Vertebrate palaeontology. 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing
The origin of Placental Mammals, Leptictidium

Bininda-Emonds ORP, Cardillo M, Jones KE, MacPhee RDE, Beck RMD, Grenyer R, Price SA, Vos RA, Gittleman JL, Purvis A (2007) The delayed rise of present-day mammals. Nature 446:507-511. pdf pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals

Boyer, Doug M.; Prasad, Guntupalli V. R.; Krause, David W.; Godinot, Marc; Goswami, Anjali; Verma, Omkar; Flynn, John J. (2010). "New postcrania of Deccanolestes from the Late Cretaceous of India and their bearing on the evolutionary and biogeographic history of euarchontan mammals". Naturwissenschaften 97 (4): 365–77. doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0648-0. PMID 20130827.
Adapisoriculidae, Deccanolestes

Carroll, RL (1988), Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, WH Freeman & Co., 698 pp.
Zalambdalestidae.

Churakov, G., Kriegs, J.O., Baertsch, R., Zemann, A., Brosius, J. & Schmitz, J. 2009. Mosaic retroposon insertion patterns in placental mammals. Genome Research 19: 868-75.
The origin of Placental Mammals

Cote S, Werdelin L, Seiffert ER, Barry JC (March 2007). "Additional material of the enigmatic Early Miocene mammal Kelba and its relationship to the order Ptolemaiida". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 104 (13): 5510–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0700441104. PMC 1838468. PMID 17372202.
Ptolemaiidae

Colbert, E.H., 1969 Evolution of the Vertebrates, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd ed.
Eutheria

deMuizon, C & RL Cifelli (2000), The "condylarths" (archaic Ungulata, Mammalia) from the Early Palaeocene of Tiupampa (Bolivia): implications on the origin of South American ungulates. Geodiversitas 22: 47-150. WWW. 
Zhelestidae

Fostowicz-Frelik, L & Z Kielan-Jaworowska (2002), Lower incisor in zalambdalestid mammals (Eutheria) and its phylogenetic implications.  Acta Pal. Pol. 47: 177-180. 
Zalambdalestidae.

Gentili, Margaret , n.d. Adaptive Radiation of Eutherians: A Comparative Study of Long Fuse, Short Fuse, Explosion and the 'Garden of Eden' Hypotheses pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals

Giallombardo, Andres, 2009 New Cretaceous mammals from Mongolia and the early diversification of Eutheria Ph.D. dissertion, Columbia University, 2009402 pages; AAT 3373736 (abstract)
The origin of Placental Mammals, Cimolestidae, Zalambdalestidae

Gingerich, Philip D (1982). "Aaptoryctes (Palaeoryctidae) and Thelysia (Palaeoryctidae?); New Insectivorous Mammals from the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene of Western North America". Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology (University of Michigan) 26 (3): 37–47.
Palaeoryctidae

Goswami A, Prasad GV, Upchurch P, Boyer DM, Seiffert ER, Verma O, Gheerbrant E, Flynn JJ. 2011, A radiation of arboreal basal eutherian mammals beginning in the Late Cretaceous of India. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2011 Sep 27;108(39):16333-8. pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals Deccanolestes

Ji, Q, Z-X Luo, C-X Yuan, JR Wible, J-P Zhang & JA Georgi (2002), The earliest known eutherian mammal.  Nature 416: 816-822.

Zhe-Xi Luo, Chong-Xi Yuan, Qing-Jin Meng and Qiang Ji (25 August 2011). "A Jurassic eutherian mammal and divergence of marsupials and placentals". Nature 476: 442–445. doi:10.1038/nature10291
Juramaia

Kielan-Jaworowska, Z, MJ Novacek, BA Trofimov & D Dashzeveg (2000), Mammals from the Mesozoic of Mongolia, in MJ Benton, MA Shishkin, DM Unwin & EN Kurochkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge Univ. Press. pp. 573-626.
Zalambdalestidae, Zhelestidae.

Kielan-Jaworowska, Z., R.L. Cifelli, and Z.-X. Luo. 2004. Mammals from the age of dinosaurs: origins, evolution, and structure. New York: Columbia University Press.
Cimolestidae

J. Keith Killian, Thomas R. Buckley, Niall Stewart, Barry L. Munday, and Randy L. Jirtle 2001, Marsupials and Eutherians reunited: genetic evidence for the Theria hypothesis of mammalian evolution Mammalian Genome 12, 513–517 (2001). DOI: 10.1007/s003350020026 pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals

Kirsch JAW, Mayer GC (1998) The platypus is not a rodent: DNA hybridization, amniote phylogeny and the palimpsest theory. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Biol Sci 353, 1221–1237
The origin of Placental Mammals

Morgan Kullberg, Björn M. Hallström, Ulfur Arnason, Axel Janke, 2008, Phylogenetic analysis of 1.5 Mbp and platypus EST data refute the Marsupionta hypothesis and unequivocally support Monotremata as sister group to Marsupialia/Placentalia Zoologica Scripta, Volume 37, Issue 2, pages 115–127, March 2008 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2007.00319.x
The origin of Placental Mammals

Kriegs, Jan Ole, Gennady Churakov, Martin Kiefmann, Ursula Jordan, Juergen Brosius, Juergen Schmitz. (2006) Retroposed Elements as Archives for the Evolutionary History of Placental Mammals. PLoS Biol 4(4): e91.[1] pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals

MacPhee, RDE & MJ Novacek (1993), Definition and relationships of Lipotyphla, in FS Szalay, MJ Novacek & MC McKenna [eds.], Mammal Phylogeny: Placentals, Springer 2: 13–31.
Palaeoryctidae

McKenna, MC (1963), New evidence against tupaioid affinities of the mammalian family Anagalidae.  Amer. Mus. Nov. 2158, 16 pp.
Zalambdalestidae.

McKenna, M.C., and S.K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press.
Cimolestidae

Murphy, W. J., Eizirik, E., O'Brien, S. J., Madsen, O., Scally, M., Douady, C. J., Teeling, E., Ryder, O. A., Stanhope, M. J., de Jong, W. W., and Springer, M. (2001). Resolution of early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics. Science 294, 2348–2351
The origin of Placental Mammals

Murphy WJ, Pringle TH, Crider TA, Springer MS, Mille rW (2007) Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny. Genome Res 17:413–421. pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals

Hidenori Nishihara, Shigenori Maruyama, and Norihiro Okada, 2009 Retroposon analysis and recent geological data suggest near-simultaneous divergence of the three superorders of mammals, PNAS, March 31, 2009 vol. 106 no. 13, 235–5240 online
The origin of Placental Mammals

Pascual, R. & Jaureguizar, E. O. 1991: Evolutionary pattern of land mammal faunas during the Late Cretaceous and Paleocene in South America: a comparison with the North American pattern. — Annales Zoologici Fennici 28: 245–252. pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals

Prasad G V R 2009 Divergence time estimates of mammals from molecular clocks and fossils: Relevance of new fossil finds from India; J. Biosci. 34 649–659] DOI 10.1007/s12038-009-0063-x pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals, Deccanolestes

G. V. R. Prasad, O. Verma, E. Gheerbrant, A. Goswami, A. Khosla, V. Parmar, and A. Sahni. 2010. First mammal evidence from the Late Cretaceous of India for biotic dispersal between India and Africa at the KT transition. Comptes Rendus Palevol 9:63-71

Prothero, D. R. 2006, After the Dinosaurs, Indiana University Press
The origin of Placental Mammals

Rana RS & Wilson GP (2003), New Late Cretaceous mammals from the Intertrappean beds of Rangapur, India and paleobiogeographic framework. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 48 (3), p.331-348.
Deccanolestes

Rose, K.D. 2006 The beginning of the age of mammals, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
The origin of Placental Mammals

Guillermo W. Rougier, Sebastián Apesteguía, & Leandro C. Gaetano, 2011, Highly specialized mammalian skulls from the Late Cretaceous of South America, Nature 479, 98–102 (03 November 2011) doi:10.1038/nature10591
The origin of Placental Mammals

Smith, Thierry; Bast, Eric; Sigé, Bernard (2010). "Euarchontan affinity of Paleocene Afro-European adapisoriculid mammals and their origin in the late Cretaceous Deccan Traps of India". Naturwissenschaften 97 (4): 417–22. doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0651-5. PMID 20174778.
Adapisoriculidae, Deccanolestes

Storch, G. and Lister, A.M. (1985) Leptictidium nasutum, ein Pseudorhynchocyonide aus dem Eozän der 'Grube Messel' bei Darmstadt (Mammalia, Proteutheria). Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 66, 1–37.
Leptictidium

Wible, J. R., G. W. Rougier, and M. J. Novacek. 2005. Anatomical evidence for superordinal/ordinal eutherian taxa in the Cretaceous. Pp. 15-36, in The Rise of Placental Mammals: Origins and Relationships of the Major Extant Clades (K. D. Rose and J. D. Archibald, eds.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. PDF.
The origin of Placental Mammals

Wible, J. R., G. W. Rougier, M. J. Novacek & R. J. Asher. 2007. Cretaceous eutherians and Laurasian origin for placental mammals near the K/T boundary. Nature 447: 1003-1006. pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals, Cimolestidae, Deccanolestes

Wible, J. R., G. W. Rougier, M. J. Novacek, and R. J. Asher. 2009. The eutherian mammal Maelestes gobiensis from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia and the phylogeny of Cretaceous Eutheria. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 327: 1-123. pdf
The origin of Placental Mammals, Cimolestidae, Deccanolestes, Zalambdalestidae