Palaeos		Panarthropoda
Panarthropoda		References

Panarthropoda: References

ECDYSOZOA
|==SCALIDOPHORA
`--+--NEMATOIDA
   |
   `--PANARTHROPODA
      |--Aysheaia
      `--+--TARDIGRADA
          `--+--Xenusiidae
             |--ONYCHOPHORA
             `--+--Luolishaniidae
                `--+==Siberiidae
                   `--+==DINOCARIDIDA
                      `--ARTHROPODA

Almeida WO, Christoffersen ML, Amorim DS, Eloy ECC. 2008 Morphological support for the phylogenetic positioning of Pentastomida and related fossils. Biotemas 21:81-90.pdf.

Budd GE. 1993, A Cambrian gilled lobopod from Greenland. Nature 364:709-11.
Lobopodia

Budd GE. 1996. The morphology of Opabinia regalis and the reconstruction of the arthropod stem-group. Lethaia 29:1-14.
Lobopodia, Panarthropoda

Budd, G.E. (1997). "Stem Group Arthropods from the Lower Cambrian Sirius Passet Fauna of North Greenland". In Fortey, R.A.; Thomas, R.H.. Arthropod Relationships, Special Volume Series 55. Systematics Association.
Panarthropoda

Budd GE. 1999. The morphology and phylogenetic significance of Kerygmachela kierkegaardi Budd (Buen Formation, Lower Cambrian, N Greenland). Trans R Soc Edinb 89:249-290.
Lobopodia, Panarthropoda

Budd, G. E. (2001). Tardigrades as "stem-group arthropods": the evidence from the Cambrian fauna. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 240, 265-279. pdf
Aysheaia.

Budd, Graham E. 2001b: Why are Arthropods Segmented? Evolution and Development, vol. 3 (5): 332-342.

Budd, G. E. (2003). The Cambrian Fossil Record and the Origin of the Phyla. Integr. Comp. Biol. 43 (1): 157-165. doi: 10.1093/icb/43.1.157
Panarthropoda

Budd GE, & Jensen S. 2000. A critical reappraisal of the fossil record of the bilaterian phyla. Biol Rev 75:253-295.
Lobopodia

Budd, Graham E.; Peel, John S. (1998), "A new xenusiid arthropod from the early Cambrian Sirius Passet fauna of north Greenland", Palaeontology 41: 1201-1213 pdf

Cavalier-Smith T (August 1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of life". Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 73 (3): 203-66. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x. PMID 9809012.
Classification.

Junyuan Chen, Dieter Waloszek, Andreas Maas, Andreas Braun, Diying Huang, Xiuqiang Wang, Martin Stein 2007 Early Cambrian Yangtze Plate Maotianshan Shale macrofauna biodiversity and the evolution of predation, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 254 (2007) 250-272 pdf
Microdictyon

The Crucible of Creation: The Burgess Shale and the Rise of Animals. Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-198-50256-7
The ballard of Hallucinogenia

Life’s Solution: Inevitable Humans in a Lonely Universe. Cambridge University Press, 2003.
The ballard of Hallucinogenia

Daley, C.; Budd, E.; Caron, B.; Edgecombe, D.; Collins, D.; (2009). "The Burgess Shale Anomalocaridid Hurdia and its Significance for Early Euarthropod Evolution". Science 323 (5921): 1597-1600. Bibcode 2009Sci...323.1597D. doi:10.1126/science.1169514. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19299617. pdf (Academia edu) supporting info
Dinocaridida - cladograms

Dzik, J. 2003. Early Cambrian lobopodian sclerites and associated fossils from Kazakhstan. Palaeontology 46(1), 93-112. DOI 10.1111/1475-4983.00289
Microdictyon

Dzik, J., 2011, The xenusian-to-anomalocaridid transition within the lobopodians, Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 50 (1), 65-74 pdf
Facivermis

Dzik J, & Krumbiegel G. 1989 The oldest ‘onychophoran’ Xenusion: a link connecting phyla? Lethaia 1989;22:169-81.
Lobopodia, Panarthropoda, Xenusion

Edgecombe, G.D. 2009, Palaeontological and molecular evidence linking arthropods, onychophorans and other Ecdysozoa. Evolution: Education and Outreach 2: 178-190. 10.1007/s12052-009-0118-3 pdf
Lobopodia, Facivermis, Panarthropoda

Gregory D. Edgecombe, 2010 Arthropod phylogeny: An overview from the perspectives of morphology, molecular data and the fossil record. Arthropod Structure & Development 39 (2010) 74.87
Lobopodia

Eriksson, B. J. & Budd, G. E. 2001 (for 2000): The cephalic nerves of the Onychophora and their bearing on our understanding of head segmentation and stem-group evolution of Arthropoda. Arthropod. Struct. & Developm. 29: 197-209.
Lobopodia

Eriksson BJ, Tait NN, Budd GE. 2003 Head development in the onychophoran Euperipatoides kanangrensis with particular reference to the central nervous system. J Morphol. 255:1-23. pdf
Lobopodia

Gabriel W.N., & Goldstein B. 2007, Segmental expression of Pax3/7 and Engrailed homologs in tardigrade development. Dev Genes Evol. 217:421-33.
Panarthropoda

Gehring, WJ (2012). "The animal body plan, the prototypic body segment, and eye evolution". Evolution & Development 14 (1): 34-36..
Microdictyon

Hou, Xianguang, & Bergström, J. 1995: Cambrian Lobopodians - Ancestors of Extant Onychophorans. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 114: 3-19.
Cardiodictyon, Luolishania, Microdictyon, Onychodictyon

Hou, Xianguang & Bergström, Jan, 2006 Dinocaridids: anomalous arthropods or arthropod-like worms? In: Rong Jiayu, Fang Zongjie, Zhou Zhanghe, Zhan Renbin, Wang Xiangdong & Yuan Xunlai (eds): Originations, Radiations and Biodiversity Changes - evidences from the Chinese fossil record. pp. 139-158 Herein an English version of the Chinese text pdf
Lobopodia

Legg, D. A. et al. (2011) Lobopodian phylogeny reanalysed. Nature 476, doi:10.1038/nature10267. pdf
Diania, Lobopodia

Liu, J., Han, J., Simonetta A. M., Hu, S, Zhang, Z., Yao, Y. & Shu, D., 2006, New observations of the lobopod-like worm Facivermis from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte Chinese Science Bulletin 2006 Vol. 51 No. 3 358—363 DOI: 10.1007/s11434-006-0358-3 pdf
Facivermis

Liu, J., Shu, D., Han, J., Zhang, Z., and Zhang, X. 2006b. A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (2): 215-222 pdf
Jianshanopodia

Liu J, Shu D, Han J, Zhang Z, Zhang X. Origin, diversification, and relationships of Cambrian lobopods. Gondwana Res. 2008;14:277-83.
Facivermis

Liu, J., Shu, D., Han, J., Zhang, Z., and Zhang, X. 2008. The lobopod Onychodictyon from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte revisited. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53 (2): 285-292 pdf

Jianni Liu, Michael Steiner, Jason A. Dunlop, Helmut Keupp, Degan Shu, Qiang Ou, Jian Han, Zhifei Zhang & Xingliang Zhang. "An armoured Cambrian lobopodian from China with arthropod-like appendage". Nature 470 (7335): 526-530. Bibcode 2011Natur.470..526L. doi:10.1038/nature09704. PMID 21350485 Supplementary material
Diania

Jianni Liu, Michael Steiner, Jason A. Dunlop, Helmut Keupp, Degan Shu, Qiang Ou, Jian Han, Zhifei Zhang & Xingliang Zhang. (2011). Liu et al. reply. Nature 476, 526-530 pdf
Diania

Ma X, Hou X, Bergström J.. 2009 Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians. Arthropod Struct Dev; 38(4):271-91
Archonychophora, Facivermis, Lobopodia, Luolishania

Ma X Y, Hou X G, Baines D. 2010, Phylogeny and evolutionary significance of vermiform animals from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte. Sci China Earth Sci, 53: 1774-1783, doi: 10.1007/s11430-010-4084-y pdf
Archonychophora, Lobopodia

Maas, Andreas, and Waloszek, Dieter 2001: Cambrian Derivatives of the Early Arthropod Stem Lineage, Pentastomids, Tardigrades and Lobopodians - An 'Orsten' Perspective. Zoologischer Anzeiger 240: 451-459.

Maas A, Mayer G, Kristensen RM, Waloszek D. A 2007, Cambrian microlobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction. Chin Sci Bull. ;52:3385-92. pdf
Orstenotubulus

Julián Monge-Nájera & Xianguang Hou (2002). "Experimental taphonomy of velvet worms (Onychophora) and implications for the Cambrian "explosion, disparity and decimation" model" (PDF). Revista de Biología Tropical 50 (3-4): 1133-1138. PMID 12947596. pdf
Lobopodia

Mounce, R. C. P. and Wills, M. A., 2011. Phylogenetic position of Diania challenged. Nature, 476 (7359), E1. doi:10.1038/nature10266 pdf
Diania, Lobopodia

Claus Nielsen, 1998. "The Phylogenetic position of the Arthropoda" Arthropod Relationships (R. A. Fortey and R. H. Thomas, eds.) Systematics Association Special Volume Series 55. Chapman & Hall, London. pp. 11-22

Panarthropoda

Ramskold, L. 1992: The Second Leg Row of Hallucigenia Discovered. Lethaia 25: 221-224.
Hallucigenia sparsa

Lars Ramsköld and Chen Junyuan 1998, "Cambrian Lobopodians: Morphology and Phylogeny", in Edgecombe, ed. Arthropod Fossils and Phylogeny, Columbia University Press, New York. chap. 3,
Cardiodictyon, Hallucigenia, Lobopodia, Microdictyon, Onychodictyon, Xenusion

Schmidt-Rhaesa A, Bartolomaeus T, Lemburg C, Ehlers U, Garey JR. 1998. The position of the Arthropoda in the phylogenetic system. J Morphol 238:263-285.
Lobopodia

Simonetta, A. M. & Delle Cave, L. 1975. The Cambrian non trilobite arthropods from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia. A study of their comparative morphology, taxonomy and evolutionary significance. Palaeontographica Italica 69, 1-37.
Aysheaia

Steiner, M., Hu, S.X., Liu, J. & Keupp, H. 2012. A new species of Hallucigenia from the Cambrian Stage 4 Wulongqing Formation of Yunnan (South China) and the structure of sclerites in lobopodians. Bulletin of Geosciences 87(1), 107-124 (11 figures, 2 tables). Czech Geological Survey, Prague. ISSN 1214-1119. pdf

Vintaned Gamez, JA, Linan, E. & Zhuravlev, A. Yu. 2011. A New Early Cambrian Lobopod-Bearing Animal (Murero, Spain) and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification. In: Pontarotti, P. (ed.) Evolutionary Biology - Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. (Ed.) Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 193-219. 193-219. Google books
Lobopodia

Whittington, H. B. (1978). "The Lobopod animal Aysheaia pedunculata Walcott, Middle Cambrian, Burgess Shale, British Columbia". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Biological Sciences 284 (1000): 165-197. Bibcode 1978RSPTB.284..165W. doi:10.1098/rstb.1978.0061.
Aysheaia

Whittle, R. J.; Gabbott, S. E.; Aldridge, R. J.; Theron, J. (2009). "An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa". Palaeontology 52 (3): 561-567. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00860.x pdf
Lobopodia

Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev, José Antonio Gámez Vintaned, and Eladio Liñán, 2011, The Palaeoscolecida and the evolution of the Ecdysozoa, From: Johnston, P.A., and Johnston K.J. (eds.), 2011. International Conference on the Cambrian Explosion, Proceedings. Palaeontographica Canadiana No. 31: 177-204. Joint Committee on Paleontological Monographs for CSPG/GAC pdf
Facivermis